简单的趋势计算

namespace TrendCalculus {
   /// <summary>
   /// Base class for value items
   /// </summary>
   /// <typeparam name="TX">Type definition for X</typeparam>
   public abstract class ValueItem<TX> : IValueItem {

      private double _y;

      /// <summary>
      /// Raised when the data in the item is changed
      /// </summary>
      public event System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

      /// <summary>
      /// The actual value for X
      /// </summary>
      public abstract TX X { get; set; }

      /// <summary>
      /// The value for X for calculations
      /// </summary>
      public abstract double ConvertedX { get; set; }

      /// <summary>
      /// Y value of the data item
      /// </summary>
      public double Y {
         get {
            return this._y;
         }
         set {
            if (this._y != value) {
               this._y = value;
               this.NotifyPropertyChanged("Y");
            }
         }
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// This method fires the property changed event
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="propertyName">Name of the changed property</param>
      protected void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName) {
         System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler handler = this.PropertyChanged;

         if (handler != null) {
            handler(this, new System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
         }
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a copy of the value item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The copy</returns>
      public abstract object CreateCopy();

      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a new trend item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The trend item</returns>
      public abstract object NewTrendItem();
   }
}

''' Base class for value items
Public MustInherit Class ValueItem(Of TX)
    Implements IValueItem

    Private _y As Double

    ''' Raised when the data in the item Is changed
    Public Event PropertyChanged As System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler 
    Implements IValueItem.PropertyChanged

    ''' The actual value for X
    Public MustOverride Property X As TX

    ''' The value for X for calculations
    Public MustOverride Property ConvertedX As Double Implements IValueItem.ConvertedX

    ''' Y value of the data item
    Public Property Y As Double Implements IValueItem.Y
        Get
            Return Me._y
        End Get
        Set
            If (Me._y <> Value) Then
                Me._y = Value
                Me.NotifyPropertyChanged("Y")
            End If
        End Set
    End Property

    ''' This method fires the property changed event
    ''' <param name="propertyName">Name of the changed property</param>
    Protected Sub NotifyPropertyChanged(propertyName As String)
        RaiseEvent PropertyChanged(Me, New System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName))
    End Sub

    ''' Creates a copy of the value item
    Public MustOverride Function CreateCopy() As Object Implements IValueItem.CreateCopy

    ''' Creates a New trend item
    Public MustOverride Function NewTrendItem() As Object Implements IValueItem.NewTrendItem
End Class

namespace TrendCalculusFSharp

    // Base class for value items
    [<AbstractClass>]
    type public ValueItem<'TX>() =
            
        // Backing field for Y
        let mutable yValue : double = 0.0

        // Backing field for Converted X
        let mutable convertedXValue : double = 0.0

        let propertyChanged = new Event<System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler, 
                                        System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs>()

        interface IValueItem with
            [<CLIEvent>]
            member this.PropertyChanged : 
                Control.IEvent<System.  ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler, 
                                System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs> 
                = propertyChanged.Publish

            // The value for X for calculations
            member this.ConvertedX  
                with get() = this.ConvertedX 
                and set(value) = this.ConvertedX <- value
    
            // Creates a copy of the value item
            member this.CreateCopy() = this.CreateCopy()

            // Creates a new trend item
            member this.NewTrendItem() = this.NewTrendItem()

            member this.Y
                with get() = this.Y 
                and set(value) = this.Y <- value

      
        // Y value of the data item
        member this.Y
            with get() = yValue
            and set(value) =
                if yValue <> value then
                    yValue <- value
                    this.NotifyPropertyChanged("Y")

        // Overridded in derived clases
        abstract member NewTrendItem : unit -> obj 
        default __.NewTrendItem() = null

        // Overridded in derived clases
        abstract member CreateCopy : unit -> obj 
        default __.CreateCopy() = null

        // The actual value for X
        abstract X : 'TX with get, set

        // The actual value for X
        abstract ConvertedX : double with get, set
        default __.ConvertedX 
            with get() = convertedXValue
            and set(value) = convertedXValue <-value

        // This method fires the property changed event
        member this.NotifyPropertyChanged(propertyName) =
                propertyChanged.Trigger(this, new System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName))

namespace TrendCalculus {
   /// <summary>
   /// Class for number items where X is double
   /// </summary>
   public class NumberItem : ValueItem<double> {

      private double _x;

      /// <summary>
      /// X actual value of the data item
      /// </summary>
      public override double X {
         get {
            return this._x;
         }

         set {
            if (this._x != value) {
               this._x = value;
               this.NotifyPropertyChanged("X");
            }
         }
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// The value for X for calculations
      /// </summary>
      public override double ConvertedX {
         get {
            return this.X;
         }
         set {
            if (this.X != value) {
               this.X = value;
            }
         }
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a new trend item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The trend item</returns>
      public override object NewTrendItem() {
         return new NumberItem();
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a copy of the value item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The copy</returns>
      public override object CreateCopy() {
         return new NumberItem() {
            X = this.X,
            Y = this.Y
         };
      }
   }
}

''' Class for number items where X Is double
Public Class NumberItem
    Inherits ValueItem(Of Double)

    Private _x As Double

    ''' X actual value of the data item
    Public Overrides Property X As Double
        Get
            Return Me._x
        End Get

        Set(value As Double)
            If (Me._x <> value) Then
                Me._x = value
                Me.NotifyPropertyChanged("X")
            End If
        End Set
    End Property

    ''' The value for X for calculations
    Public Overrides Property ConvertedX As Double
        Get
            Return Me.X
        End Get
        Set(value As Double)
            If (Me.X <> value) Then
                Me.X = value
            End If
        End Set
    End Property

    ''' Creates a New trend item
    Public Overrides Function NewTrendItem() As Object
        Return New NumberItem()
    End Function

    ''' Creates a copy of the value item
    Public Overrides Function CreateCopy() As Object
        Dim newItem As NumberItem = New NumberItem()

        newItem.X = Me.X
        newItem.Y = Me.Y

        Return newItem
    End Function
End Class

namespace TrendCalculusFSharp
    
    // Type for number items where X is double
    type NumberItem() =
        inherit ValueItem<double>() 

        let mutable xValue : double = 0.0

        // X actual value of the data item
        override this.X
            with get() = xValue
            and set(value) =
                if xValue <> value then
                    xValue <- value
                    this.NotifyPropertyChanged("X")

        // The value for X for calculations
        override this.ConvertedX
            with get() = this.X
            and set(value) =
                if this.X <> value then
                    this.X <- value

        // Creates a new trend item
        override this.NewTrendItem() = 
            new NumberItem() :> obj

        // Creates a copy of the value item
        override this.CreateCopy() =
            let copy = new NumberItem()
            copy.X <- this.X
            copy.Y <- this.Y
            copy :> obj

namespace TrendCalculus {
   /// <summary>
   /// Class for number items where X is datetime
   /// </summary>
   public class DateItem : ValueItem<System.DateTime> {

      private System.DateTime _x;

      /// <summary>
      /// X actual value of the data item
      /// </summary>
      public override System.DateTime X {
         get {
            return this._x;
         }

         set {
            if (this._x != value) {
               this._x = value;
               this.NotifyPropertyChanged("X");
            }
         }
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// The value for X for calculations
      /// </summary>
      public override double ConvertedX {
         get {
            double returnValue = 0;

            if (this.X != null) {
               returnValue = this.X.ToOADate();
            }

            return returnValue;
         }
         set {
            System.DateTime converted = System.DateTime.FromOADate(value);

            if (this.X != converted) {
               this.X = converted;
            }
         }
      }
      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a new trend item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The trend item</returns>
      public override object NewTrendItem() {
         return new DateItem();
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a copy of the value item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The copy</returns>
      public override object CreateCopy() {
         return new DateItem() {
            X = this.X,
            Y = this.Y
         };
      }
   }
}

''' Class for number items where X Is datetime
Public Class DateItem
    Inherits ValueItem(Of System.DateTime)

    Private _x As System.DateTime

    ''' X actual value of the data item
    Public Overrides Property X As System.DateTime
        Get
            Return Me._x
        End Get
        Set(value As System.DateTime)
            If (Me._x <> value) Then
                Me._x = value
                Me.NotifyPropertyChanged("X")
            End If
        End Set
    End Property

    ''' The value for X for calculations
    Public Overrides Property ConvertedX As Double
        Get
            Dim returnValue As Double = 0

            returnValue = Me.X.ToOADate()

            Return returnValue
        End Get
        Set(value As Double)
            Dim converted As System.DateTime = System.DateTime.FromOADate(value)

            If (Me.X <> converted) Then
                Me.X = converted
            End If
        End Set
    End Property

    ''' Creates a New trend item
    Public Overrides Function NewTrendItem() As Object
        Return New DateItem()
    End Function

    ''' Creates a copy of the value item
    Public Overrides Function CreateCopy() As Object
        Dim newItem As DateItem = New DateItem()

        newItem.X = Me.X
        newItem.Y = Me.Y

        Return newItem
    End Function
End Class

namespace TrendCalculusFSharp
    
    // Type for number items where X is date time
    type DateItem() =
        inherit ValueItem<System.DateTime>() 

        let mutable xValue : System.DateTime = System.DateTime.MinValue

        // X actual value of the data item
        override this.X
            with get() = xValue
            and set(value) =
                if xValue <> value then
                    xValue <- value
                    this.NotifyPropertyChanged("X")

        // The value for X for calculations
        override this.ConvertedX
            with get() = this.X.ToOADate()
            and set(value) =
                let converted : System.DateTime = System.DateTime.FromOADate(value)
                if this.X <> converted then
                    this.X <- converted

        // Creates a new trend item
        override this.NewTrendItem() = 
            new NumberItem() :> obj

        // Creates a copy of the value item
        override this.CreateCopy() =
            let copy = new DateItem()
            copy.X <- this.X
            copy.Y <- this.Y
            copy :> obj

namespace TrendCalculus {
   /// <summary>
   /// Interace which each value item type must implement in order to be usable in calculation
   /// </summary>
   public interface IValueItem {
      /// <summary>
      /// Raised when the data in the item is changed
      /// </summary>
      event System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

      /// <summary>
      /// Returns the value for X for calculations
      /// </summary>
      double ConvertedX { get; set; }

      /// <summary>
      /// Y value of the data item
      /// </summary>
      double Y { get; set; }

      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a copy of the value item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The copy</returns>
      object CreateCopy();

      /// <summary>
      /// Creates a new trend item
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>The trend item</returns>
      object NewTrendItem();

   }
}

''' Interace which each value item type must implement in order to be usable in calculation
Public Interface IValueItem
    ''' Raised when the data in the item Is changed
    Event PropertyChanged As System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler

    ''' Returns the value for X for calculations
    Property ConvertedX As Double

    ''' Y value of the data item
    Property Y As Double

    ''' Creates a copy of the value item
    Function CreateCopy() As Object

    ''' Creates a New trend item
    Function NewTrendItem() As Object
End Interface

namespace TrendCalculusFSharp

    // Interace which each value item type must implement in order to be usable in calculation
    type public IValueItem =
        interface    
            // Raised when the data in the item is changed
            [<CLIEvent>]
            abstract member PropertyChanged : 
                Control.IEvent<System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler, 
                                System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs>
      
            // Returns the value for X for calculations
            abstract ConvertedX : double with get, set

            // Y value of the data item
            abstract Y : double with get, set

            // Creates a copy of the value item
            abstract member CreateCopy : unit -> obj 

            // Creates a new trend item
            abstract member NewTrendItem : unit -> obj
        end

namespace TrendCalculus {
   /// <summary>
   /// List of item values
   /// </summary>
   public class ValueList<TValueItem> : System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<TValueItem>
      where TValueItem : IValueItem {

      /// <summary>
      /// Raised when items in the value list change or data in existing items change
      /// </summary>
      public event System.EventHandler DataChanged;

      /// <summary>
      /// Type of the items in the list
      /// </summary>
      public ValueListTypes ListType { get; private set; }

      /// <summary>
      /// Default constructor
      /// </summary>
      private ValueList() {
         this.CollectionChanged += ValueList_CollectionChanged;
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Constructor with the list type information
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="listType"></param>
      internal ValueList(ValueListTypes listType) : this() {
         this.ListType = listType;
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Handles collection changed events for data items
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="sender"></param>
      /// <param name="e"></param>
      private void ValueList_CollectionChanged(object sender, 
      System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e) {
         // Delete PropertyChanged event handlers from items removed from collection
         if (e.OldItems != null) {
            foreach (IValueItem item in e.OldItems) {
               item.PropertyChanged -= item_PropertyChanged;
            }
         }
         // Add PropertyChanged event handlers to items inserted into collection
         if (e.NewItems != null) {
            foreach (IValueItem item in e.NewItems) {
               item.PropertyChanged += item_PropertyChanged;
            }
         }
         this.NotifyDataChanged(this);
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Handles Property changed events from individual items in the collection
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="sender">Item that has changed</param>
      /// <param name="e">Event arguments</param>
      private void item_PropertyChanged(object sender, 
      System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs e) {
         this.NotifyDataChanged(sender);
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Raises DataChanged event
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="sender">Item that hsa changed</param>
      private void NotifyDataChanged(object sender) {
         System.EventHandler handler = this.DataChanged;

         if (handler != null) {
            handler(sender, new System.EventArgs());
         }
      }
   }
}

''' List of item values
Public Class ValueList(Of TValueItem As IValueItem)
    Inherits System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection(Of TValueItem)

    ''' Raised when items in the value list change Or data in existing items change
    Public Event DataChanged As System.EventHandler

    ''' Type of the items in the list
    Public ListType As ValueListTypes

    ''' Default constructor
    Private Sub New()
        AddHandler Me.CollectionChanged, AddressOf ValueList_CollectionChanged
    End Sub

    ''' Constructor with the list type information
    Friend Sub New(listType As ValueListTypes)
        Me.New()
        Me.ListType = listType
    End Sub

    ''' Handles collection changed events for data items
    Private Sub ValueList_CollectionChanged(sender As Object, 
    e As System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs)
        '' Delete PropertyChanged event handlers from items removed from collection
        If (Not e.OldItems Is Nothing) Then
            For Each Item As IValueItem In e.OldItems
                RemoveHandler Item.PropertyChanged, AddressOf item_PropertyChanged
            Next
        End If
        '' Add PropertyChanged event handlers to items inserted into collection
        If (Not e.NewItems Is Nothing) Then
            For Each item As IValueItem In e.NewItems
                AddHandler item.PropertyChanged, AddressOf item_PropertyChanged
            Next
        End If
        Me.NotifyDataChanged(Me)
    End Sub

    ''' Handles Property changed events from individual items in the collection
    Private Sub item_PropertyChanged(sender As Object, 
    e As System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs)
        Me.NotifyDataChanged(sender)
    End Sub

    ''' Raises DataChanged event
    Private Sub NotifyDataChanged(sender As Object)
        RaiseEvent DataChanged(sender, New System.EventArgs())
    End Sub
End Class

namespace TrendCalculusFSharp

    // List of item values
    type ValueList<'TValueItem when 'TValueItem :> IValueItem>(listType : ValueListTypes) as this =
        inherit System.Collections.ObjectModel.ObservableCollection<'TValueItem>()

        let dataChanged = new Control.Event<obj>()

        let collectionChangedHandler = new System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventHandler(this.ValueList_CollectionChanged)

        let propertyChangedHandler =  new System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventHandler(this.item_PropertyChanged)
        
        // Constructor code
        do this.CollectionChanged.AddHandler(collectionChangedHandler)

        
        // Raised when items in the value list change or data in existing items change
        [<CLIEvent>]
        member this.DataChanged = dataChanged.Publish

        // Type of the items in the list
        member this.ListType : ValueListTypes = listType

        // Handles collection changed events for data items
        member this.ValueList_CollectionChanged (sender : obj) (e : System.Collections.Specialized.NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs) =
            // Delete PropertyChanged event handlers from items removed from collection
            if e.OldItems <> null then
                let items = seq { for item in e.OldItems -> (item :?> IValueItem)}
                for valueitem in items do
                    valueitem.PropertyChanged.RemoveHandler(propertyChangedHandler)

            // Add PropertyChanged event handlers to items inserted into collection
            if e.NewItems <> null then
                let items = seq { for item in e.NewItems -> (item :?> IValueItem)}
                for valueitem in items do
                    valueitem.PropertyChanged.AddHandler(propertyChangedHandler)

            this.NotifyDataChanged(this)

        // Handles Property changed events from individual items in the collection
        member private this.item_PropertyChanged(sender : obj) ( e : System.ComponentModel.PropertyChangedEventArgs) =
            this.NotifyDataChanged(sender)
      
        // Raises DataChanged event
        member private this.NotifyDataChanged(sender : obj) =
            dataChanged.Trigger(sender)

      /// <summary>
      /// Default constructor
      /// </summary>
      public LinearTrend() {
         this.DataItems = new ValueList<TValueItem>(ValueListTypes.DataItems);
         this.TrendItems = new ValueList<TValueItem>(ValueListTypes.TrendItems);
         this.Calculated = false;
         this.DataItems.DataChanged += DataItems_DataChanged;
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Handles DataChanged event from the data item collection
      /// </summary>
      /// <param name="sender">Item that has changed</param>
      /// <param name="e"></param>
      private void DataItems_DataChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
         if (this.Calculated) {
            this.Calculated = false;
            this.Slope = null;
            this.Intercept = null;
            this.Correl = null;
            this.TrendItems.Clear();
         }
      }

      /// <summary>
      /// Calculates the trendline
      /// </summary>
      /// <returns>True if succesful</returns>
      public bool Calculate() {
         double slopeNumerator;
         double slopeDenominator;
         double correlDenominator;
         double r2Numerator;
         double r2Denominator;
         double averageX;
         double averageY;
         TValueItem trendItem;

         if (this.DataItems.Count == 0) {
            return false;
         }

         // Calculate slope
         averageX = this.DataItems.Average(item => item.ConvertedX);
         averageY = this.DataItems.Average(item => item.Y);
         slopeNumerator = this.DataItems.Sum(item => (item.ConvertedX - averageX) 
                                                     * (item.Y - averageY));
         slopeDenominator = this.DataItems.Sum(item => System.Math.Pow(item.ConvertedX - averageX, 2));

         this.Slope = slopeNumerator / slopeDenominator;

         // Calculate Intercept
         this.Intercept = averageY - this.Slope * averageX;

         // Calculate correlation
         correlDenominator = System.Math.Sqrt(
            this.DataItems.Sum(item => System.Math.Pow(item.ConvertedX - averageX, 2)) 
            * this.DataItems.Sum(item => System.Math.Pow(item.Y - averageY, 2)));
         this.Correl = slopeNumerator / correlDenominator;

         // Calculate trend points
         foreach (TValueItem item in this.DataItems.OrderBy(dataItem => dataItem.ConvertedX)) {
            if (this.TrendItems.Where(existingItem 
                => existingItem.ConvertedX == item.ConvertedX).FirstOrDefault() == null) {
               trendItem = (TValueItem)item.NewTrendItem();
               trendItem.ConvertedX = item.ConvertedX;
               trendItem.Y = this.Slope.Value * item.ConvertedX + this.Intercept.Value;
               this.TrendItems.Add(trendItem);
            }
         }

         // Calculate r-squared value
         r2Numerator = this.DataItems.Sum(
            dataItem => System.Math.Pow(dataItem.Y
            - this.TrendItems.Where(
               calcItem => calcItem.ConvertedX == dataItem.ConvertedX).First().Y, 2));

         r2Denominator = this.DataItems.Sum(dataItem => System.Math.Pow(dataItem.Y, 2))
            - (System.Math.Pow(this.DataItems.Sum(dataItem => dataItem.Y), 2) / this.DataItems.Count);

         this.R2 = 1 - (r2Numerator / r2Denominator);

         this.Calculated = true;

         return true;
      }

    ''' Default constructor
    Public Sub New()
        Me.DataItems = New ValueList(Of TValueItem)(ValueListTypes.DataItems)
        Me.TrendItems = New ValueList(Of TValueItem)(ValueListTypes.TrendItems)
        Me.Calculated = False
        AddHandler Me.DataItems.DataChanged, AddressOf DataItems_DataChanged
    End Sub

    ''' Handles DataChanged event from the data item collection
    Private Sub DataItems_DataChanged(sender As Object, e As System.EventArgs)
        If (Me.Calculated) Then
            Me._Calculated = False
            Me._Slope = Nothing
            Me._Intercept = Nothing
            Me._Correl = Nothing
            Me.TrendItems.Clear()
        End If
    End Sub

    ''' Calculates the trendline
    Public Function Calculate() As Boolean
        Dim slopeNumerator As Double
        Dim slopeDenominator As Double
        Dim correlDenominator As Double
        Dim r2Numerator As Double
        Dim r2Denominator As Double
        Dim averageX As Double
        Dim averageY As Double
        Dim trendItem As TValueItem

        If (Me.DataItems.Count = 0) Then
            Return False
        End If

        ' Calculate slope
        averageX = Me.DataItems.Average(Function(item) item.ConvertedX)
        averageY = Me.DataItems.Average(Function(item) item.Y)
        slopeNumerator = Me.DataItems.Sum(Function(item) (item.ConvertedX - averageX) * _
        (item.Y - averageY))
        slopeDenominator = Me.DataItems.Sum(Function(item) _
        System.Math.Pow(item.ConvertedX - averageX, 2))

        Me._Slope = slopeNumerator / slopeDenominator

        ' Calculate Intercept
        Me._Intercept = averageY - Me.Slope * averageX

        ' Calculate correlation
        correlDenominator = System.Math.Sqrt(Me.DataItems.Sum( Function(item) _
           System.Math.Pow(item.ConvertedX - averageX, 2)) * Me.DataItems.Sum(Function(item) _
           System.Math.Pow(item.Y - averageY, 2)))
        Me._Correl = slopeNumerator / correlDenominator

        ' Calculate trend points
        For Each item As TValueItem In Me.DataItems.OrderBy(Function(dataItem) dataItem.ConvertedX)
            If (Me.TrendItems.Where(Function(existingItem) existingItem.ConvertedX = _
            item.ConvertedX).FirstOrDefault() Is Nothing) Then
                trendItem = CType(item.NewTrendItem(), TValueItem)
                trendItem.ConvertedX = item.ConvertedX
                trendItem.Y = Me.Slope.Value * item.ConvertedX + Me.Intercept.Value
                Me.TrendItems.Add(trendItem)
            End If
        Next

        ' Calculate r-squared value
        r2Numerator = Me.DataItems.Sum(
            Function(dataItem) System.Math.Pow(dataItem.Y _
            - Me.TrendItems.Where(
               Function(calcItem) calcItem.ConvertedX = dataItem.ConvertedX).First().Y, 2))

        r2Denominator = Me.DataItems.Sum(Function(dataItem) System.Math.Pow(dataItem.Y, 2)) _
            - (System.Math.Pow(Me.DataItems.Sum(Function(dataItem) dataItem.Y), 2) / Me.DataItems.Count)

        Me._R2 = 1 - (r2Numerator / r2Denominator)

        Me._Calculated = True

        Return True
    End Function

namespace TrendCalculusFSharp
open System.Linq

    // Linear trend calculation
    type LinearTrend<'TValueItem when 'TValueItem :> IValueItem>() as this =

        let mutable calculatedValue : bool = false
        let mutable slopeValue : System.Nullable<double> = System.Nullable<double>()
        let mutable interceptValue : System.Nullable<double> = System.Nullable<double>()
        let mutable correlValue : System.Nullable<double> = System.Nullable<double>()
        let mutable r2Value : System.Nullable<double> = System.Nullable<double>()
        let dataItemsValue : ValueList<'TValueItem> = ValueList<'TValueItem>(ValueListTypes.DataItems)
        let trendItemsValue : ValueList<'TValueItem> = ValueList<'TValueItem>(ValueListTypes.TrendItems)

        //let dataChangedHandler = new System.EventHandler<obj>(fun sender ->  this.DataItems_DataChanged(sender))
        let dataChangedHandler = this.DataItems_DataChanged
              
        // Constructor code
        do this.DataItems.DataChanged.Add(dataChangedHandler)

        // Has the trend been calculated
        member this.Calculated = calculatedValue

        // Slope
        member this.Slope : System.Nullable<double> = slopeValue

        // Intercept
        member this.Intercept : System.Nullable<double> = interceptValue

        // Correlation coefficient
        member this.Correl : System.Nullable<double> = correlValue

        // R-squared value
        member this.R2 : System.Nullable<double> = r2Value

        // Data items
        member this.DataItems : ValueList<'TValueItem> = dataItemsValue

        // Trend items
        member this.TrendItems : ValueList<'TValueItem> = trendItemsValue

        // Value for the first trend point on X axis
        member this.StartPoint 
            with get() =
                match this.Calculated with
                | false -> Unchecked.defaultof<'TValueItem>
                | true -> this.TrendItems.OrderBy(fun item -> item.ConvertedX).FirstOrDefault()

        // Value for the last trend point on X axis
        member this.EndPoint 
            with get() =
                match this.Calculated with
                | false -> Unchecked.defaultof<'TValueItem>
                | true -> this.TrendItems.OrderByDescending(fun item -> item.ConvertedX).FirstOrDefault()

        // Handles DataChanged event from the data item collection
        member private this.DataItems_DataChanged(sender : obj) =
            if this.Calculated = true then
                calculatedValue <- false
                slopeValue  <- System.Nullable<double>()
                interceptValue <- System.Nullable<double>()
                correlValue <- System.Nullable<double>()
                this.TrendItems.Clear()

        member this.AverageX : double = 
            Seq.averageBy(fun item -> (item :> IValueItem).ConvertedX) (this.DataItems)

        member this.AverageY : double = 
            Seq.averageBy(fun item -> (item :> IValueItem).Y) (this.DataItems)

        // Calculates the trendline
        member this.Calculate() : bool = 
            let mutable slopeNumerator : double = 0.0
            let mutable correlDenominator : double = 0.0
            let mutable r2Numerator : double = 0.0
            let mutable r2Denominator : double = 0.0

            calculatedValue <- false

            if this.DataItems.Count <> 0 then
                slopeNumerator <-
                    Seq.sumBy(fun item-> ((item :> IValueItem).ConvertedX - this.AverageX) * ((item :> IValueItem).Y - this.AverageY)) (this.DataItems)

                correlDenominator <-
                    sqrt (
                        Seq.sumBy(fun item-> pown ((item :> IValueItem).ConvertedX - this.AverageX) 2) (this.DataItems)
                        * 
                        Seq.sumBy(fun item-> pown ((item :> IValueItem).Y - this.AverageY) 2) (this.DataItems)
                        )

                slopeValue <- System.Nullable(
                    slopeNumerator
                    /
                    Seq.sumBy(fun item-> pown ((item :> IValueItem).ConvertedX - this.AverageX) 2) (this.DataItems)
                    )

                interceptValue <- System.Nullable(
                    this.AverageY - this.Slope.Value * this.AverageX
                    )

                correlValue <-  System.Nullable(
                    slopeNumerator / correlDenominator
                    )

                // Calculate trend points
                for item in this.DataItems.OrderBy(fun dataItem -> dataItem.ConvertedX) do
                    if this.TrendItems.Where(fun existingItem -> existingItem.ConvertedX = item.ConvertedX).Count() = 0 then
                        let trendItem : 'TValueItem = item.NewTrendItem() :?> 'TValueItem
                        trendItem.ConvertedX <- item.ConvertedX
                        trendItem.Y <- this.Slope.Value * item.ConvertedX + this.Intercept.Value
                        this.TrendItems.Add(trendItem);

                // Calculate r-squared value
                r2Numerator <-
                    this.DataItems.Sum(fun dataItem -> 
                        pown (dataItem.Y - this.TrendItems.Where(fun calcItem -> 
                            calcItem.ConvertedX = dataItem.ConvertedX).First().Y) 2) 

                r2Denominator <-
                    this.DataItems.Sum(fun dataItem -> pown dataItem.Y 2)
                    - ((pown (this.DataItems.Sum(fun dataItem -> dataItem.Y)) 2) / (float this.DataItems.Count))

                r2Value <- System.Nullable(1.0 - (r2Numerator / r2Denominator))

                calculatedValue <- true

            calculatedValue

namespace TrendTest {
   /// <summary>
   /// Interaction logic for MainWindow.xaml
   /// </summary>
   public partial class TestWindow : System.Windows.Window {

      TrendCalculus.LinearTrend<TrendCalculus.IValueItem> linearTrend
      = new TrendCalculus.LinearTrend<TrendCalculus.IValueItem>();

      public TestWindow() {
         InitializeComponent();

         this.UseDouble.IsChecked = true;
         this.Values.ItemsSource = linearTrend.DataItems;
         this.TrendItems.ItemsSource = this.linearTrend.TrendItems;
      }

      private void GenerateValues_Click(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e) {
         System.Random random = new System.Random();

         linearTrend.DataItems.Clear();

         for (int counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) {
            if (this.UseDouble.IsChecked.Value) {
               linearTrend.DataItems.Add(new TrendCalculus.NumberItem() {
                  X = System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * 100),
                  Y = System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * 100)
               });
            } else {
               linearTrend.DataItems.Add(new TrendCalculus.DateItem() {
                  X = System.DateTime.Now.AddDays(System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * -100)).Date,
                  Y = System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * 100)
               });
            }
         }

      }

      private void Calculate_Click(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e) {
         if (this.linearTrend.Calculate()) {
            this.TrendItems.ItemsSource = this.linearTrend.TrendItems;
            this.Slope.Text = this.linearTrend.Slope.ToString();
            this.Intercept.Text = this.linearTrend.Intercept.ToString();
            this.Correl.Text = this.linearTrend.Correl.ToString();
            this.R2.Text = this.linearTrend.R2.ToString();
            this.StartX.Text = this.linearTrend.StartPoint.ConvertedX.ToString();
            this.StartY.Text = this.linearTrend.StartPoint.Y.ToString();
            this.EndX.Text = this.linearTrend.EndPoint.ConvertedX.ToString();
            this.EndY.Text = this.linearTrend.EndPoint.Y.ToString();
         }
      }

      private void UseDouble_Checked(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e) {
         this.linearTrend.DataItems.Clear();
      }

      private void UseDatetime_Checked(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e) {
         this.linearTrend.DataItems.Clear();
      }

      private void DataItemsToClipboard_Click(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs e) {
         System.Text.StringBuilder clipboardData = new System.Text.StringBuilder();

         clipboardData.AppendFormat("{0}\t{1}\t{2}", "Actual X", "Converted X", "Y").AppendLine();
         foreach (TrendCalculus.IValueItem item in linearTrend.DataItems) {
            if (item is TrendCalculus.DateItem) {
               clipboardData.AppendFormat("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                  ((TrendCalculus.DateItem)item).X.ToShortDateString(), item.ConvertedX, item.Y);
            } else {
               clipboardData.AppendFormat("{0}\t{1}\t{2}",
                  ((TrendCalculus.NumberItem)item).X.ToString(), item.ConvertedX, item.Y);
            }
            clipboardData.AppendLine();
         }
         System.Windows.Clipboard.SetText(clipboardData.ToString());
      }
   }
}

Class TestWindow

    Dim linearTrend As TrendCalculusVB.LinearTrend(Of TrendCalculusVB.IValueItem) = _
    New TrendCalculusVB.LinearTrend(Of TrendCalculusVB.IValueItem)()

    Private Sub Window_Loaded(sender As Object, e As RoutedEventArgs)

        Me.UseDouble.IsChecked = True
        Me.Values.ItemsSource = Me.linearTrend.DataItems
        Me.TrendItems.ItemsSource = Me.linearTrend.TrendItems
    End Sub
    Private Sub GenerateValues_Click(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs)
        Dim random As System.Random = New System.Random()

        linearTrend.DataItems.Clear()

        For counter As Int32 = 0 To 9
            If (Me.UseDouble.IsChecked.Value) Then
                linearTrend.DataItems.Add(New TrendCalculusVB.NumberItem() With {
                  .X = System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * 100),
                  .Y = System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * 100)
               })
            Else
                linearTrend.DataItems.Add(New TrendCalculusVB.DateItem() With {
                  .X = System.DateTime.Now.AddDays(System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * -100)).Date,
                  .Y = System.Math.Round(random.NextDouble() * 100)
               })
            End If
        Next counter
    End Sub

    Private Sub Calculate_Click(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs)
        If (Me.linearTrend.Calculate()) Then
            Me.TrendItems.ItemsSource = Me.linearTrend.TrendItems
            Me.Slope.Text = Me.linearTrend.Slope.ToString()
            Me.Intercept.Text = Me.linearTrend.Intercept.ToString()
            Me.Correl.Text = Me.linearTrend.Correl.ToString()
            Me.R2.Text = Me.linearTrend.R2.ToString()
            Me.StartX.Text = Me.linearTrend.StartPoint.ConvertedX.ToString()
            Me.StartY.Text = Me.linearTrend.StartPoint.Y.ToString()
            Me.EndX.Text = Me.linearTrend.EndPoint.ConvertedX.ToString()
            Me.EndY.Text = Me.linearTrend.EndPoint.Y.ToString()
        End If
    End Sub

    Private Sub UseDouble_Checked(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs)
        Me.linearTrend.DataItems.Clear()
    End Sub

    Private Sub UseDatetime_Checked(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs)
        Me.linearTrend.DataItems.Clear()
    End Sub

    Private Sub DataItemsToClipboard_Click(sender As Object, e As System.Windows.RoutedEventArgs)
        Dim clipboardData As System.Text.StringBuilder = New System.Text.StringBuilder()

        clipboardData.AppendFormat("{0}{1}{2}{3}{4}", "Actual X", vbTab, "Converted X", _
        vbTab, "Y").AppendLine()
        For Each item As TrendCalculusVB.IValueItem In linearTrend.DataItems
            If (TypeOf (item) Is TrendCalculusVB.DateItem) Then
                clipboardData.AppendFormat("{0}{1}{2}{3}{4}", (CType(item, _
                TrendCalculusVB.DateItem)).X.ToShortDateString(), vbTab, item.ConvertedX, vbTab, item.Y)
            Else
                clipboardData.AppendFormat("{0}{1}{2}{3}{4}", (CType(item, _
                TrendCalculusVB.NumberItem)).X.ToString(), vbTab, item.ConvertedX, vbTab, item.Y)
            End If
            clipboardData.AppendLine()
        Next
        System.Windows.Clipboard.SetText(clipboardData.ToString())
    End Sub
End Class