MDX WinForm 与 .NET 控件
本文展示了如何在包含托管 DirectX 内容的 Windows Forms 中使用 .NET 控件。
引言
本文展示了如何在托管 DirectX 内容的 Windows Forms 中使用 .NET Windows Form 控件。大多数书籍/教程都只使用完全由 MDX 内容组成的 WinForm。但人们更感兴趣的是将 WinForm 控件与 MDX 一起使用。这个问题经常被提出，但答案并不完善。在这里，我提供了一个使用 .NET 2.0 和 Visual Studio 2005 的小型项目。
技术
这个项目最重要的部分是 DirectX 设备的创建。通常情况下是
device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, this,
CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams);
'this' is the alias of 'Form' used to represent this winForm.
为了使 .NET 控件（例如菜单栏等）与 DirectX 控件共存，我设置了一个面板供 DirectX 使用。
private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1;
// Initialize panel1
device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, panel1,
CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing, presentParams);
为了演示这一点，我提供了一个简单的托管 DirectX 项目，可以与此项目一起下载。以下是完整的源代码。使用 .NET 2.0 托管 DirectX 复制/粘贴并编译。
using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using Microsoft.DirectX;
using Microsoft.DirectX.Direct3D;
namespace Chapter1Code
{
/// <summary>
/// Summary description for Form1.
/// </summary>
public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
private Device device = null;
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;
private Panel panel1;
private MenuStrip menuStrip1;
private ToolStripMenuItem mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem;
private ToolStripMenuItem exitToolStripMenuItem;
private float angle = 0.0f;
public Form1()
{
//
// Required for Windows Form Designer support
//
InitializeComponent();
this.Size = new Size(800, 600);
this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.AllPaintingInWmPaint |
ControlStyles.Opaque, true);
}
/// <summary>
/// We will initialize our graphics device here
/// </summary>
public void InitializeGraphics()
{
// Set our presentation parameters
PresentParameters presentParams = new PresentParameters();
presentParams.Windowed = true;
presentParams.SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard;
// Create our device
device = new Device(0, DeviceType.Hardware, panel1,
CreateFlags.SoftwareVertexProcessing,
presentParams);
}
private void SetupCamera()
{
device.RenderState.CullMode = Cull.None;
device.Transform.World = Matrix.RotationAxis(new Vector3(angle /
((float)Math.PI * 2.0f),
angle / ((float)Math.PI * 4.0f),
angle / ((float)Math.PI * 6.0f)),
angle / (float)Math.PI);
angle += 0.1f;
device.Transform.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovLH((float)Math.PI / 4,
this.Width / this.Height, 1.0f, 100.0f);
device.Transform.View = Matrix.LookAtLH(new Vector3(0,0, 5.0f),
new Vector3(), new Vector3(0,1,0));
device.RenderState.Lighting = true;
}
protected override void OnPaint(System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{
device.Clear(ClearFlags.Target,
System.Drawing.Color.CornflowerBlue, 1.0f, 0);
SetupCamera();
CustomVertex.PositionNormalColored[] verts =
new CustomVertex.PositionNormalColored[3];
verts[0].Position = new Vector3(0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
verts[0].Normal = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
verts[0].Color = System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();
verts[1].Position = new Vector3(-1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
verts[1].Normal = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
verts[1].Color = System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();
verts[2].Position = new Vector3(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
verts[2].Normal = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, -1.0f);
verts[2].Color = System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();
device.Lights[0].Type = LightType.Point;
device.Lights[0].Position = new Vector3();
device.Lights[0].Diffuse = System.Drawing.Color.White;
device.Lights[0].Attenuation0 = 0.2f;
device.Lights[0].Range = 10000.0f;
device.Lights[0].Enabled = true;
device.BeginScene();
device.VertexFormat = CustomVertex.PositionNormalColored.Format;
device.DrawUserPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 1, verts);
device.EndScene();
device.Present();
this.Invalidate();
}
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )
{
if( disposing )
{
if (components != null)
{
components.Dispose();
}
}
base.Dispose( disposing );
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel();
this.menuStrip1 = new System.Windows.Forms.MenuStrip();
this.mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem =
new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.exitToolStripMenuItem =
new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.menuStrip1.SuspendLayout();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// panel1
//
this.panel1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 24);
this.panel1.Name = "panel1";
this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(307, 275);
this.panel1.TabIndex = 0;
//
// menuStrip1
//
this.menuStrip1.Items.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem});
this.menuStrip1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);
this.menuStrip1.Name = "menuStrip1";
this.menuStrip1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(307, 24);
this.menuStrip1.TabIndex = 1;
this.menuStrip1.Text = "menuStrip1";
//
// mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem
//
this.mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem.DropDownItems.AddRange(
new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.exitToolStripMenuItem});
this.mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem.Name =
"mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem";
this.mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem.Size =
new System.Drawing.Size(117, 20);
this.mDXFormWithMenuToolStripMenuItem.Text = "MDX form with Menu";
//
// exitToolStripMenuItem
//
this.exitToolStripMenuItem.Name = "exitToolStripMenuItem";
this.exitToolStripMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(152, 22);
this.exitToolStripMenuItem.Text = "Exit";
this.exitToolStripMenuItem.Click +=
new System.EventHandler(this.exitToolStripMenuItem_Click);
//
// Form1
//
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(307, 299);
this.Controls.Add(this.panel1);
this.Controls.Add(this.menuStrip1);
this.Name = "Form1";
this.Text = "Form1";
this.menuStrip1.ResumeLayout(false);
this.menuStrip1.PerformLayout();
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout();
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
static void Main()
{
using (Form1 frm = new Form1())
{
// Show our form and initialize our graphics engine
frm.Show();
frm.InitializeGraphics();
Application.Run(frm);
}
}
private void exitToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Dispose();
}
}
}
历史
- 2006 年 5 月 25 日：首次发布