创建标签式 MDI 窗体
创建标签式 MDI 窗体的教程
引言
这是一个创建选项卡式 MDI 窗体的教程。通过这个步骤，你将了解创建选项卡式 MDI 窗体是多么容易。
背景
当我尝试制作一个文本编辑器时，我发现了这个技巧。
Using the Code
我创建了一个名为 frmChild 的第二个窗体。这是 MDI 子窗体的模板。但首先，创建一个 Parent 窗体，该窗体具有：选项卡容器、用于添加和删除的菜单/按钮、用于浏览选项卡的菜单。要将 Parent 窗体设置为 MDI parent，在属性窗口中，将 isMDIContainer = true。你可以添加菜单来列出你的 MDI 子窗体，但这是为了检查你的 MDI 子窗体是否与选项卡同步。不要忘记将子窗体的控件设置为 public，如果你希望从 Parent 窗体访问该控件。打开 frmChild.Designer.cs，导航到“Windows Form Designer generated code”区域下方。你将看到类似这样的内容
private System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox richTextBox1;
将该行更改为这样
public System.Windows.Forms.RichTextBox richTextBox1;
就是这样！从这个例子来看，现在你可以从 Parent 窗体访问 richtextbox 了。从“添加”菜单单击事件（假设它名为 mnuAdd_Click），添加新的子窗体和选项卡，以及选项卡列表菜单
private void mnuAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
frmChild newChild = new frmChild(); //add new child
TabPage childTab = new TabPage(); //create new tab page
newChild.MdiParent = this; //set as child of this form
newChild.Name = "Child" + createdTab.ToString();
newChild.Text = " Child no " + createdTab.ToString();
childTab.Name = newChild.Name;
//make sure name and text are same
childTab.Text = newChild.Text;
//this is for synchronize later
tabControl1.TabPages.Add(childTab); //add new tab
newChild.richTextBox1.Parent = childTab; //attach to tab
ToolStripMenuItem newMenuTab = new ToolStripMenuItem();
//create menu to hold tab
newMenuTab.Text = newChild.Text;
//make sure the name and text are same to synchronize later
newMenuTab.Name = newChild.Name;
mnuTab.DropDownItems.Add(newMenuTab); //add menu item
newMenuTab.Click += new EventHandler(newMenuTab_Click);
//add event handler
tabControl1.SelectTab(childTab);
//this is to make sure that tab page is selected in the same time
newChild.Show();
//as new form created so that corresponding tab and child form is active
createdTab++; //increment of course
}
当单击选项卡列表菜单时，你选择一个选项卡，你希望相应的 Child 窗体也被激活。
void newMenuTab_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
foreach (TabPage theTab in tabControl1.TabPages)
{
if (theTab.Text == sender.ToString ()) //sender is the clicked menu
{ /*when menu is clicked, activate the corresponding form and tab page*/
tabControl1.SelectTab(theTab); /* when menu is clicked, select
tab and activate MDI child*/
foreach (Form WantToSelect in this.MdiChildren)
{
if (WantToSelect.Name == theTab.Name) /*this is why you must
make sure child form's and tab page's name are same for easier control*/
{
WantToSelect.Select(); //activate MDI child
}
}
}
}
}
当然，你希望当你单击选项卡时，相应的 mdiChild 被选中。
private void tabControl1_Selected(object sender, TabControlEventArgs e)
{
foreach (frmChild WantToSelect in this.MdiChildren )
{
if (tabControl1.SelectedTab != null) /*if no child has created, an error
will occur */
{
if (WantToSelect.Name == tabControl1.SelectedTab.Name) /*again, this
is why you must make sure child form's and tab page's name are same for
easier control*/
{ //
WantToSelect.Select(); //activate MDI child
}
}
}
}
当关闭选项卡时，相应的 mdiChild 必须关闭。假设关闭菜单名为 mnuClose_Click。
private void mnuClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
mnuTab.DropDownItems.RemoveByKey(tabControl1.SelectedTab.Name);
//this is why you must make sure menu's and tab page's name are same
this.ActiveMdiChild.Close();
//because of synchronize routine, you must close the form first before tab.
tabControl1.SelectedTab.Dispose();
//if tab first, activated tab will change and so the child form,
//this will be the closed form. The wrong form will close....
}
最后一点是激活与 Child 窗体相对应的选项卡的重要性。例如，访问 richtextbox 属性。
private void lblChar_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
frmChild childForm = (frmChild ) this.ActiveMdiChild ; //this is the reason
//why synchronization between tab and active MDI child is important
lblChar.Text = "Char : " + childForm.richTextBox1.TextLength.ToString();
}
关注点
这只是示例代码，实际上，我没有在我的文本编辑器中使用 RichTextBox。相反，我使用的是 scintilla net wrapper。
历史
- 2008 年 10 月 31 日：初始发布