通过 XBEE 模块实现家庭自动化
4.97/5 (15投票s)
通过 XBEE 模块实现无线家庭自动化
介绍
本项目由Shayan Ali Bhatti和Shahbaz Hasan完成，他们是巴基斯坦工业电子工程学院（I.I.E.E.）三年级B.E.专业的学生。这是一个采用XBEE无线收发模块的家居自动化应用程序。我们能够通过XBEE模块将信号无线地从个人电脑发送到AVR ATmega16微控制器。只需通过USB端口将XBEE模块连接到PC，它就可以与另一个XBEE模块进行数据收发。在此项目中，将使用默认的XBEE设置，前提是两个XBEE具有相同的地址，以便它们可以相互通信。该项目共有5个窗体，包括2个主要GUI窗体。第一个GUI控制直流电机和步进电机的参数，如速度、旋转和步进角。第二个GUI允许用户控制灯光、在16x2 LCD上书写，并监测温度以及根据需要设置报警温度。所有编程均使用C#和Visual Studio Windows窗体，并使用devcomponents dotnetbar & NI Measurement Studio 工具进行。
背景
在使用XBEE模块之前，有必要对其有深入的了解。因此，下面提供了本项目所用所有硬件的基本信息。
1. XBEE模块
XBee是Digi International公司一系列外形兼容的无线模块的品牌名称。这些无线电模块使用Freescale制造的微芯片，提供简单的、基于标准的点对点通信，以及网状网络的专有实现。由于其极低的功耗和独特的特性，它们广泛应用于无线网络应用中。
这些模块能够根据IEEE 802.15.4协议传输和接收数据，该协议用于无线通信。XBEE无线电模块提供30米的成功数据传输和接收范围，在视线范围内可达100米。XBEE模块提供UART连接，用于数据输入输出。
我们使用了一对XBEE Series 1收发模块，每个收发模块都能通过UART模块无线传输和接收数据。XBEE模块负责传输和接收PC生成的所有信号，并通过串行RX和TX引脚将它们连接到微控制器。
2. 直流电机
在此项目中，使用了一个5V直流电机进行顺时针和逆时针转动，其方向和速度（PWM）由操作员进行调整。
3. 步进电机
在此项目中，使用了一个5V步进电机，其方向、旋转次数和步进角根据用户的要求进行控制。
4. AVR ATmega16微控制器
在此项目中，使用AVR ATmega16微控制器来控制直流电机、步进电机以及通过XBEE模块进行数据收发。微控制器还控制一个16x2文本LCD和一个条形LED。
5. 文本LCD
在此项目中，使用一个16x2文本LCD，用于在LCD上输入数据和显示。它由微控制器控制，并通过开源Peter Fleury LCD库进行接口连接。
6. LM35温度传感器
使用lm35温度传感器将当前室温发送到微控制器，并在GUI的温度计显示屏上显示。AVR在ADC0引脚上接收其信号，并通过ADC进行转换，使其对GUI用户来说是可读的。
7. 条形LED
在此项目中，使用一个10位LED条形图来切换操作员所需的灯光。
8. 电源适配器
在此项目中，使用了2个可变电源适配器。一个适配器负责为XBEE模块、文本LCD和ATmega16提供5V电压。另一个适配器用于运行直流电机和步进电机。
9. 洞洞板
使用一块大的洞洞板来安装上述所有组件。
代码
我们为项目“XBEE模块家居自动化”制作了5个窗体。由于我们的项目涉及UART模块，因此我们使用了USB转串口线来连接XBEE模块与PC，并使用COM5作为串口，波特率为9600，停止位为1。
让我们逐一了解所有的Windows窗体。
1. 欢迎闪屏窗体
作为一个欢迎窗体，我们创建了一个闪屏窗体，它会在屏幕中央显示4秒钟，显示项目标题和项目成员姓名，然后消失。下面是它的图片。
为了在我的项目命名空间serialporthypterm中创建此窗体，我选择了一个Windows窗体，禁用了其最大化、最小化按钮，并将其起始位置属性设置为居中显示，同时控件框属性也设置为false。通过PictureBox工具添加图片。还使用了一个定时器来确保窗体运行4秒然后消失。定时器最初通过属性框启用。在timer1_Tick事件中，我将时间设置为4000个滴答，其余代码如下：
namespace serialporthypterm
{
public partial class Form2 : Form
{
public Form2()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
// When the timer1 ticks 4000 times i.e. 4s, then welcome form vanishes,
// and wizard form i.e. Form4 appears.
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Visible = false; // form invisible
FORM4 fo = new FORM4(); // constructor of Form4
fo.Show(); // show Form4
timer1.Enabled = false; // timer disabled
}
}
}
2. 向导窗体
欢迎窗体在4秒后初始化一个构造函数，该函数绑定显示Form4，即我们项目中的向导窗体。此窗体显示有关项目的详细信息，并询问用户想要选择哪个GUI。它的外观如下：
上面的窗体来自应用程序Devcomponents Dotnetbar，该应用程序在工具栏菜单中内置了用于选择向导窗体的窗体。我在图片框中放置了XBEE硬件图片，并在此处写下了项目详情。当用户按下取消按钮时，整个项目关闭；当按下下一步按钮时，下一页显示如下：
用户选择所需的GUI，该GUI的详细信息将显示在顶部边框上，以告知用户GUI的操作。最后，按下完成按钮后，GUI将进入下一个窗体。因此，此窗体消失，而另一个窗体，即电机控制或温度传感器窗体，会根据用户的意愿出现。代码如下：
namespace serialporthypterm
{
public partial class FORM4 : Form
{
public FORM4()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
// disable textbox on loading FORM4
private void FORM4_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Visible = false;
}
//if cancel button is pressed, then whole app closes down
private void wizard1_CancelButtonClick(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
{
Close();
Environment.Exit(1);
}
// On press of next button, 2nd page of wizard form appers,
// asking the GUI to be selected
private void wizard1_NextButtonClick(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Visible = true;
radioButton1.Checked = false;
radioButton2.Checked = false;
wizardPage2.Select();
// title of wizard form
wizardPage2.PageTitle = "Select the GUI you want to use";
wizardPage2.PageDescription = null;
// disable finish button
wizardPage2.FinishButtonEnabled = DevComponents.DotNetBar.eWizardButtonState.False;
// disable next button
wizardPage2.NextButtonEnabled = DevComponents.DotNetBar.eWizardButtonState.False;
}
// On selecting radio button1, Motor control GUI is displayed
// and Finish button is enabled
private void radioButton1_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = "Enables you to control DC motor";
// enable finish button
wizardPage2.FinishButtonEnabled=DevComponents.DotNetBar.eWizardButtonState.True;
// On selecting radio button2, Temperature and Light control
// GUI is selected and Finish button is enabled
private void radioButton2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Text = "Enables you to monitor temperature, control lights and write on LCD";
// enable finish button
wizardPage2.FinishButtonEnabled = DevComponents.DotNetBar.eWizardButtonState.True;
}
// The backbutton takes wizard page back to 1st page from 2nd page
private void wizard1_BackButtonClick(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Visible = false;
// disable finish button
wizardPage2.FinishButtonEnabled = DevComponents.DotNetBar.eWizardButtonState.False;
}
// When the finish button is clicked, form vanishes and selects
// either the form1 or form3 selected via the radio button by user
private void wizard1_FinishButtonClick(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
{
// show motor control form if 1st option selected
this.Visible = false;
if (radioButton1.Checked == true)
{
Form3 hee = new Form3();
hee.Show();
}
// show temperature sensor form if 2nd gui selected
else if (radioButton2.Checked == true)
{
Form1 cs = new Form1();
cs.Show();
}
else { }
}
}
}
3. 电机控制GUI
在此窗体中，用户可以选择步进电机或直流电机并调整其参数。首先，用户需要按下连接按钮以确保硬件已连接。然后选择直流电机或步进电机。选择每个选项后，电机的图片会变得可见，而另一个电机的面板会变得透明。
现在假设您已连接步进电机，然后选择您是要进行步进旋转还是连续旋转。在步进旋转中，电机只会移动到指定的角度然后停止。在连续旋转中，电机将一直移动直到执行完用户输入的旋转次数，并且按照用户选择的方向。
如果您已连接直流电机，则选择它，并选择您是要进行顺时针还是逆时针旋转。此外，您可以自由选择您希望电机以什么速度运行。 这是它的图片：
此窗体所需的代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace serialporthypterm
{
public partial class Form3 : Form
{
Int32 c, g, b, z, f, q, mn;
char[] buff = new char[1];
char[] w = new char[1];
string recvd;
public Form3()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
/* main dcmotor control part */
private void DCMotor(int dir, int spd)
{
switch (dir)
{
case 0:
//for speed 25% clock wise
if (spd == 25)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'e';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
//for speed 50% clock wise
else if (spd == 50)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'f';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
//for speed 75% clock wise
else if (spd == 75)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'g';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
//for speed 100% clock wise
else if (spd == 100)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'h';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
break;
case 1:
/* for speed 25% anti-clock wise */
if (spd == 25)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'a';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* for speed 50% anti-clock wise */
else if (spd == 50)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'b';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* for speed 75% anti-clock wise */
else if (spd == 75)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'c';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* for speed 100% anti-clock wise */
else if (spd == 100)
{
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
break;
}
}
/* Stepper Motor control : continuous rotation panel */
public void continuousrotation(char[] e, int f)
{
switch (f)
{
/* sending no. of rotations with clock wise rotation */
case 0:
buff[0] = 'a';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
serialPort1.Write(e, 0, 1);
break;
/* sending no. of rotations with anti-clock wise rotation */
case 1:
buff[0] = 'c';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
serialPort1.Write(e, 0, 1);
break;
}
}
/* Stepper Motor Control: Step rotation part */
public void stepcontrol(int s, int cc)
{
switch (cc)
{
/* step rotation:45 degree,clockwise */
case 0:
if (s == 45)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'e';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* step rotation:90 degree,clockwise */
else if (s == 90)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'f';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* step rotation:180 degree,clockwise */
else if (s == 180)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'g';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
//step rotation:360 degree,clockwise
else if (s == 360)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'h';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
break;
case 1:
/* step rotation:45 degrees,anti-clockwise */
if (s == 45)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'a';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* step rotation:90 degrees,anti-clockwise */
else if (s == 90)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'b';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* step rotation:180 degrees,anti-clockwise */
else if (s == 180)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'c';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
/* step rotation:360 degrees,anti-clockwise */
else if (s == 360)
{
buff[0] = 's';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
buff[0] = 'd';
serialPort1.Write(buff, 0, 1);
}
break;
}
}
/* selecting continuous rotation part of stepper motor control */
private void radioButton2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
groupBox1.Enabled = false;
groupBox2.Enabled = true;
}
/* entered in the stepper control portion & choosing the step rotation panel */
private void radioButton1_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
groupBox2.Enabled = false;
groupBox1.Enabled = true;
}
/* entering no. of rotations */
private void textBox1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Clear();
}
/* choosing the step rotation angle */
private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
g = Int32.Parse(comboBox1.Text);
}
/* choosing clockwise rotation in step rotation part of stepper motor control */
private void radioButton3_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = 0;
}
/* choosing anti-clockwise rotation in step rotation part of stepper motor control */
private void radioButton4_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
c = 1;
}
/* choosing step rotation panel in Stepper Motor control */
private void radioButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Write("0");
z = 0;
}
/* choosing continuous rotation panel in Stepper Motor control */
private void radioButton2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Write("1");
z = 1;
}
/* choosing clockwise rotation in continuous rotation part of stepper motor control */
private void radioButton5_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
b = 0;
}
/* choosing anti-clockwise rotation in continuous rotation part of stepper motor control */
private void radioButton6_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
b = 1;
}
/* calling main function to run DC motor */
private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
DCMotor(f, q);
}
/* choosing clockwise rotation in DC motor control */
private void radioButton7_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
f = 0;
}
/* choosing anti-clockwise rotation in DC motor control */
private void radioButton8_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
f = 1;
}
/* selecting speed(duty cycle) for running dc motor */
private void comboBox3_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
q = Int32.Parse(comboBox3.Text);
}
/* selecting stepper Motor control and its image appears */
private void radioButton9_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
mn = 0;
groupBox6.Enabled = true;
groupBox3.Enabled = false;
this.reflectionImage1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"C:\Documents and Settings\evo\My Documents\My Pictures\stepper motor.jpg");
}
/* selecting DC Motor control and its image appears */
private void radioButton10_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
mn = 1;
groupBox3.Enabled = true;
groupBox6.Enabled = false;
this.reflectionImage1.Image = Image.FromFile(@"C:\Documents and Settings\evo\My Documents\My Pictures\dc motor.jpg");
}
/* FORM CHANGE if selected from File menu by user */
private void changeFormToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Write("="); // tell AVR microcontroller to change FORM
serialPort1.Close();
this.Hide();
FORM4 hoo = new FORM4();
hoo.Show(); // display wizard form
}
/* Exit the whole program */
private void exitToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Close();
Close();
Environment.Exit(1);
}
/* Open the About box */
private void projectInfoToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
AboutBox1 loo = new AboutBox1();
loo.Show();
}
/* Initializing serial port communication at COM5, 9600 baud rate */
private void buttonX1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.PortName = "COM5";
serialPort1.BaudRate = 9600;
serialPort1.Open();
if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
{
radioButton1.Enabled = true;
radioButton2.Enabled = true;
buttonX1.Enabled = false;
groupBox1.Enabled = false;
groupBox2.Enabled = false;
}
}
/* rotating either step rotation part or continuous part */
private void buttonX2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
switch (z)
{
case 0:
stepcontrol(g, c);
break;
case 1:
w[0] = char.Parse(textBox1.Text);
continuousrotation(w, b);
break;
}
}
/* calling main function to run DC motor */
private void buttonX3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
DCMotor(f, q);
}
/* Close serial port on exiting program */
private void Form3_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Close();
Environment.Exit(1);
}
/* Tell microcontroller that DC Motor form is active */
private void Form3_Activated(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
{
serialPort1.Write("1");
}
else
{
serialPort1.Open();
serialPort1.Write("1");
}
}
}
}
4. 温度和灯光控制GUI
在此窗体中，我们可以观察实时温度、室温，并控制灯光以及在16x2文本LCD上书写文本。
假设您想在LCD上书写。那么您只需在GUI中显示的文本框中书写，所有字符将由PC通过串行方式发送到LCD。
如果用户想控制灯光，那么您只需单击相应的绿色灯光按钮，该灯就会亮起，并连接到AVR微控制器的条形LED上。
现在，同时，LM35温度传感器的输出将不断被微控制器接收，并通过XBEE模块每秒发送到PC。因此，温度计中的温度将根据室温不断变化。第一次读取将保存在室温文本框中，指示室温，但之后，GUI将持续显示当前温度并每秒更新一次。还提供了设置报警温度的功能，用户可以通过该功能设置报警温度。当温度超过设定的报警温度时，将触发报警。 GUI看起来像这样：
温度计是通过NI Measurement Studio工具栏绘制的，它指示当前温度，并显示室温以及文本框中的当前温度。
这是进行必要操作并在GUI上显示的可视化工作室代码。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Media;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Windows.Forms.VisualStyles;
using System.Threading;
namespace serialporthypterm
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
double t = 0, global = 0;
string handle,current;
int a = 0, b = 0, c = 0, d = 0, i = 0, f = 0, g = 0, h = 0,alarmtemp=100;
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
/* Open serial port and select form 1 on form load */
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
/* Check if serial port is open, and select GUI2 on AVR */
if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
{
}
else
{
serialPort1.Open();
}
}
/* On serial port receive event take temperature readings per second and */
/* display it on thermometer and textbox */
private void serialPort1_DataReceived(object sender, System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
/* update temperature reading per second */
timer1.Start();
if (timer1.Interval == 1000)
{
/* read room temperature once only */
if (global == 0)
{
handle = serialPort1.ReadExisting();
textBox4.Text = handle; // display on room temperature box
global++;
}
/* now keep reading current temperature */
else
{
current = serialPort1.ReadExisting();
textBox2.Text = current; //display on current temperature box
t = Convert.ToDouble(current);
thermometer1.value = t;
/* give various colors to thermometer on temperature ranges */
if (t >= 10 && t < 20)
{
thermometer1.FillColor = Color.Red;
thermometer1.BackColor = Color.Blue;
}
if (t >= 20 && t < 30)
{
thermometer1.FillColor = Color.Red;
thermometer1.BackColor = Color.Aqua;
}
if (t >= 30 && t < 40)
{
thermometer1.FillColor = Color.Red;
thermometer1.BackColor = Color.Yellow;
}
if (t >= 40 && t < 100)
{
thermometer1.FillColor = Color.Red;
thermometer1.BackColor = Color.Red;
}
/* if temperature exceeds 100 degree Celsius then show message */
if (t >= 100)
{
MessageBox.Show("Temperature out of range");
}
/* if temperature exceeds alarm temperature then raise alarm */
if (t >= alarmtemp)
{
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\smokealarm.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else { }
current = null;
}
}
}
/* Transfer characters written on textbox to LCD */
private void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Write("[");
serialPort1.Write(textBox1.Text);
}
/* LCD Clear on button press */
private void buttonX1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Write("[");
}
/* Textbox clear on button press */
private void buttonX2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBox1.Clear();
}
/* Led 1 status toggle if button 1 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led9_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (a==0)
{
a = 1;
serialPort1.Write("1");
led9.Value=true;
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
a = 0;
serialPort1.Write("1");
led9.Value = false;
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware remove.wav");
sound.Play();
}
}
/* Led 2 status toggle if button 2 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led10_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (b == 0)
{
led10.Value = true;
b = 1;
serialPort1.Write("2");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
b = 0;
led10.Value = false;
serialPort1.Write("2");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware remove.wav");
sound.Play();
}
}
/* Led 3 status toggle if button 3 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led11_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (c == 0)
{
led11.Value = true;
c = 1;
serialPort1.Write("3");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
c = 0;
led11.Value = false;
serialPort1.Write("3");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware remove.wav");
sound.Play();
}
}
/* Led 4 status toggle if button 4 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led12_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (d == 0)
{
led12.Value = true;
d = 1;
serialPort1.Write("4");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
d = 0;
led12.Value = false;
serialPort1.Write("4");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware remove.wav");
sound.Play();
}
}
/* Led 5 status toggle if button 5 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led13_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (f == 0)
{
led13.Value = true;
f = 1;
serialPort1.Write("5");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
f = 0;
led13.Value = false;
serialPort1.Write("5");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware remove.wav");
sound.Play();
}
}
/* Led 6 status toggle if button 6 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led14_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (g == 0)
{
led14.Value = true;
g = 1;
serialPort1.Write("6");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
g = 0;
led14.Value = false;
serialPort1.Write("6");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware remove.wav")
sound.Play();
}
}
/* Led 7 status toggle if button 7 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led15_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (h == 0)
{
led15.Value = true;
h = 1;
serialPort1.Write("7");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
h = 0;
led15.Value = false;
serialPort1.Write("7");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware remove.wav");
sound.Play();
}
}
/* Led 8 status toggle if button 8 is pressed with a beep sound */
private void led16_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (i == 0)
{
led16.Value = true;
i = 1;
serialPort1.Write("8");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
else
{
i = 0;
led16.Value = false;
serialPort1.Write("8");
System.Media.SoundPlayer sound = new System.Media.SoundPlayer(@"C:\WINDOWS\Media\windows xp hardware insert.wav");
sound.Play();
}
}
/* sets the alarm temperature in textbox4 */
private void buttonX4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
alarmtemp = Convert.ToInt16(textBox3.Text);
}
catch (FormatException)
{
}
}
/* Show GUI selection menu and change FORM */
private void changeGUIToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Write("="); // tell AVR to change form
timer1.Start();
while (timer1.Interval == 200) ; // wait for 200ms
serialPort1.Close();
this.Hide();
FORM4 he = new FORM4();
he.Show();
}
/* Exit the program */
private void exitToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
serialPort1.Close();
Close();
Environment.Exit(1);
}
/* Show the Project details in About box */
private void projectInfoToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
AboutBox1 lo = new AboutBox1();
lo.Show();
}
/* Close the whole program and serial port */
private void buttonX3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
/* close the serial PORT and previously ON leds */
if (a != 0)
serialPort1.Write("1"); // close LED1
if (b != 0)
serialPort1.Write("2"); // close LED2
if (c != 0)
serialPort1.Write("3"); // close LED3
if (d != 0)
serialPort1.Write("4"); // close LED4
if (f != 0)
serialPort1.Write("5"); // close LED5
if (g != 0)
serialPort1.Write("6"); // close LED6
if (h != 0) serialPort1.Write("7"); // close LED7
if (i != 0)
serialPort1.Write("8"); // close LED8
else { }
/* Clear the LCD screen */
serialPort1.Write("[");
/* Close serial Port */
serialPort1.Close();
Environment.Exit(1); // terminates the whole program
Close();
}
/* open serial port and select form 1 every time this form is selected */
private void Form1_Activated(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
{
}
else
{
serialPort1.Open();
}
}
}
}
5. 关于框
在此窗体中，我们显示了关于项目的描述。如下所示：
由于您从devcomponents dotnetbar工具栏获得了现成的AboutBox，因此大部分代码是自动生成的，其余部分带有注释。我在这里展示的是可以在GUI的菜单栏访问的项目信息。 这是代码：
namespace serialporthypterm
{
partial class AboutBox1 : Form
{
public AboutBox1()
{
InitializeComponent();
this.Text = String.Format("About {0}", AssemblyTitle);
this.labelProductName.Text = AssemblyProduct;
this.labelVersion.Text = String.Format("Version {0}", AssemblyVersion);
this.labelCopyright.Text = AssemblyCopyright;
this.labelCompanyName.Text = AssemblyCompany;
this.textBoxDescription.Text = AssemblyDescription;
}
#region Assembly Attribute Accessors
public string AssemblyTitle
{
get
{
object[] attributes = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(AssemblyTitleAttribute), false);
if (attributes.Length > 0)
{
AssemblyTitleAttribute titleAttribute = (AssemblyTitleAttribute)attributes[0];
if (titleAttribute.Title != "")
{
return titleAttribute.Title;
}
}
return System.IO.Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().CodeBase);
}
}
public string AssemblyVersion
{
get
{
return Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Version.ToString();
}
}
public string AssemblyDescription
{
get
{
object[] attributes = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(AssemblyDescriptionAttribute), false);
if (attributes.Length == 0)
{
return "";
}
return ((AssemblyDescriptionAttribute)attributes[0]).Description;
}
}
public string AssemblyProduct
{
get
{
object[] attributes = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(AssemblyProductAttribute),false);
if (attributes.Length == 0)
{
return "";
}
return ((AssemblyProductAttribute)attributes[0]).Product;
}
}
public string AssemblyCopyright
{
get
{
object[] attributes = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(AssemblyCopyrightAttribute), false);
if (attributes.Length == 0)
{
return "";
}
return ((AssemblyCopyrightAttribute)attributes[0]).Copyright;
}
}
public string AssemblyCompany
{
get
{
object[] attributes = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetCustomAttributes(typeof(AssemblyCompanyAttribute),false);
if (attributes.Length == 0)
{
return "";
}
return ((AssemblyCompanyAttribute)attributes[0]).Company;
}
}
#endregion
/* Hide this form on clicking OK button */
private void okButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
this.Hide();
}
/* Set description text, product name, company name and version labels */
private void AboutBox1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
textBoxDescription.Text = "This project has been created by Shayan Ali Bhatti & Shahbaz Hasan of 6th Semester. The program is an application of Home Automation via XBEE modules interfaced with AVR ATMEGA 16. It has 2 GUI forms. The 1st GUI's purpose is to observe and change the various parameters such as the PWM(Speed) and ROTATION of a DC Motor. Also, a Stepper Motor's rotations and step angle can be varied as per requirement.The 2nd GUI's purpose is to get and display the temperature sensed by LM35, control Lights, and type on a 16x2 LCD wirelessly via XBEE modules.";
labelProductName.Text = "Home Automation via XBEE";
labelCompanyName.Text = "Students";
labelVersion.Text = "Version : 1.00";
}
}
}
电路图设计
这是Proteus仿真电路图。16x2文本LCD用于显示。灯光显示在条形图上。步进电机驱动器使用ULN 2003，而L293D用作直流电机驱动器。ATmega16 AVR控制器用于处理所有硬件，而LM35是正在使用的温度传感器。在仿真期间，最初将虚拟终端连接在XBEE图片的替代位置。
原始硬件
这是电路板的原始硬件图片。
在此项目中我学到的东西
通过这个项目，我们能够使用串口，并理解了C#在硬件交互方面的广阔前景。我们还得出结论，通过使用Devcomponents Dotnetbar应用程序和NI Measurement Studio工具，可以轻松创建一个非常好的GUI，而且易于制作和使用。此外，在使用LM35温度传感器时，应采取适当措施过滤噪声，否则温度将不断变化，产生不良的输出。
结语
我们，Shayan Ali Bhatti & Shahbaz Hasan，非常感谢全能的真主和我们的老师Sir Sajid Hussain，他用他最好的C#编程知识指导我们，并帮助我们发展了编程技能。我们希望这个项目对Code Project网站的会员有所帮助。不要忘记下载包含Visual Studio和AVR代码的主项目文件附件。
关于作者
作者Shayan Ali Bhatti和Shahbaz Hasan是巴基斯坦工业电子工程学院三年级的B.E.学生。两人都对从事基于微控制器的项目表现出浓厚的兴趣。