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应用程序管理
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Application Management 让您的应用程序生活更轻松。它将自动进行内存管理，处理和记录未处理的异常，分析您的函数，使您的应用程序成为单实例，并提供用于获取系统信息的实用函数。
目录
引言
Application Management 让您的应用程序生活更轻松。它将自动进行内存管理，处理和记录未处理的异常，分析您的函数，使您的应用程序成为单实例，并提供用于获取系统信息的实用函数。
支持的平台
该库可在多个平台上运行，并在 Windows XP、Windows 7 和 Linux Ubuntu 9.10 上进行了测试。对于 Linux，我提供了 Mono 编译版本，您可以重新编译或执行。bin 下的 Debug 和 Release 文件夹是使用 Visual Studio 2008 (Windows) 编译的。bin 下的 Mono 文件夹是使用 MonoDevelop (Mono 系统兼容) 编译的。
类和函数受操作系统不兼容异常的保护。所有 WinAPI 函数在 Windows 系统外都将无法正常工作。
如果您想进行自己的系统验证，请使用以下代码
if(Environment.OSVersion.Platform == PlatformID.Win32NT)
{
// Windows NT Platform
}
else
{
// Non Windows System
}
背景
此库不能替代您的内联优化，只要可能，您始终必须 Dispose 您的对象。
使用代码
大多数类都应该在作用域之外使用，并声明为 static。我将使用 public static 来允许我从任何地方访问类。具有 Start(); 方法的类也具有 Stop(); 方法。
库中的类
有关类的更多信息，请参阅文档文件。
WinAPI(包含所有 Win API 调用) 命名空间Dbghelp(Dbghelp.dll 的所有 API 调用) 静态类Kernel32(Kernel32.dll 的所有 API 调用) 静态类About(存储有关库、作者、网页等的常量...) 静态类AssemblyEx(来自程序集的 Util 函数) 静态类ExceptionHandler(自动处理和记录未处理的异常) 类Instance(使您的应用程序成为单实例) 类MemoryManagement(自动内存管理) 类MiniDump(用于创建迷你转储) 静态类Profiling(用于分析函数，ProfilingData的Dictionary) 类ProfilingData(存储分析数据的类，StartDate、EndDate、TimeTaken，...) 类SystemInformationEx(提供一些与系统信息相关的 GET 函数) 静态类VistaSecurity(与 Windows Vista 及更高版本相关的函数) 静态类
Instance 类
public static Instance instance;
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
#region Instance Class (Make single instance app)
// Check if that is a single instance, and name mutex as: "{ProductName}Mutex"
instance = new Instance(Application.ProductName);
// instance is created but make sure you call next line:
// First parameter is used to define mutex level (Global or this session only)
// Second parameter is used to check processes equality after check mutex
if (!instance.MakeSingleInstance(true, false))
{
Instance.ShowDuplicateInstanceDialogError();
// Stop and quit App.
return;
}
#endregion
Application.Run(new MainFrm());
// Note: by calling 'Instance.Dispose' method will release mutex,
// and app will be multi instance,
// But still checks for process equality!
// instance.Dispose();
}
MemoryManagement 类
注意： MemoryManagement 仅在 WinNT 系统中生效；否则，您仍然可以在任何系统下使用 **静态方法**。
public static MemoryManagement memory;
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
#region Memory Management class
// MemoryManagement only make effect in WinNT Systems,
// if your app is multi system use that.
if (MemoryManagement.CanUseClass())
{
memory = new MemoryManagement();
memory.Start();
}
else
{
memory = null;
}
#endregion
Application.Run(new MainFrm());
}
ExceptionHandler 类
注意： 请确保在运行应用程序之前启动。如果未启动，请在运行应用程序之前使用以下代码
Application.SetUnhandledExceptionMode(UnhandledExceptionMode.CatchException);
此类可以生成包含详细错误信息的 .txt 文件。它还可以创建可使用 Visual Studio 等程序进行调试的转储 (.dmp) 文件。Minidump 文件 (Windows) [^]
日志存储的默认目录是：APPEXEdir\Logs\AppErrors\。文件名格式为：yyyy_MM_dd_HH_mm_ss。
public static ExceptionHandler exceptionHandler;
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
#region Exception Handler Class
(Automatic cath and log unhandled exceptions)
// Automatic cath and log unhandled exceptions
exceptionHandler = new ExceptionHandler();
// Next two lines are optional
exceptionHandler.PrefixText =
"This file represets an error cath on our program";
exceptionHandler.SuffixText =
"Please fell free to send us that errors " +
"files via email: myapp@company.com";
exceptionHandler.StartHandlingExceptions();
#endregion
Application.Run(new MainFrm());
}
以下是未处理异常日志的示例 (MyTestApp__2010_02_15_18_35_29.txt)。
[MyTestApp]
Date=15-02-2010 18:35:29
Application=MyTestApp 1.0.0.0
ExecutablePath=D:\caza\c++\ApplicationManagement\MyTestApp\
bin\Release\MyTestApp.exe
Company=MyTestApp
This file represets an error cath on our program
########################
## Error ##
########################
[Exception1]
Message=O valor não pode ser nulo.
StackTrace= em MyTestApp.MainFrm.ButtonClick(Object sender, EventArgs e)
em D:\caza\c++\ApplicationManagement\MyTestApp\MainFrm.cs:line 115
em System.Windows.Forms.Control.OnClick(EventArgs e)
em System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnClick(EventArgs e)
em System.Windows.Forms.Button.OnMouseUp(MouseEventArgs mevent)
em System.Windows.Forms.Control.WmMouseUp(
Message& m, MouseButtons button, Int32 clicks)
em System.Windows.Forms.Control.WndProc(Message& m)
em System.Windows.Forms.ButtonBase.WndProc(Message& m)
em System.Windows.Forms.Button.WndProc(Message& m)
em System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.OnMessage(Message& m)
em System.Windows.Forms.Control.ControlNativeWindow.WndProc(Message& m)
em System.Windows.Forms.NativeWindow.Callback(
IntPtr hWnd, Int32 msg, IntPtr wparam, IntPtr lparam)
TargetSite=Void ButtonClick(System.Object, System.EventArgs)
Source=MyTestApp
HelpLink=
########################
## System Information ##
########################
[System]
OperativeSystem=Windows 7 x86
ProcessorCount=2
########################
## Open Forms ##
########################
[Forms]
Form1=MyTestApp.MainFrm, Text: ApplicationManagement Library Test
########################
## Loaded Assemblies ##
########################
[mscorlib, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]
Location=C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorlib.dll
[MyTestApp, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null]
Location=D:\caza\c++\ApplicationManagement\
MyTestApp\bin\Release\MyTestApp.exe
[ApplicationManagement, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null]
Location=D:\caza\c++\ApplicationManagement\MyTestApp\
bin\Release\ApplicationManagement.dll
[System.Windows.Forms, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral,
PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]
Location=C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Windows.Forms\
2.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Windows.Forms.dll
[System, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]
Location=C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System\
2.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.dll
[System.Drawing, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a]
Location=C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Drawing\
2.0.0.0__b03f5f7f11d50a3a\System.Drawing.dll
[System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]
Location=C:\Windows\assembly\GAC_32\System.Data\
2.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Data.dll
[mscorlib.resources, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=pt, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089]
Location=C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorlib.dll
Please fell free to send us that errors files via email: myapp@company.com
Profiling 类
注意：最好直接使用 Profiling.ProfilingData。Profiling 类是 Profiling.ProfilingData 的一个 Dictionary。
public static Profiling profiling;
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
#region Profiling Class
// Our profiling will determinate the time taken by the app to initialize.
profiling = new Profiling();
Profiling.ProfilingData profilingData = profiling.Create("InitApp", true);
#endregion
// Wait 1.5s and see the output
Thread.Sleep(1500);
#region End started profile and show results
profilingData.Stop();
MessageBox.Show(
string.Format(
"Start Date: {0}\nEnd Date: {1}\nTime Taken: {2}ms",
profilingData.StartDate,
profilingData.EndDate,
profilingData.TimeTaken.TotalMilliseconds
),
"Our application initializes time");
#endregion
Application.Run(new MainFrm());
}
另一个例子
/// <summary>
/// Do some job and returns the time it takes
/// </summary>
Profiling.ProfilingData MyFunction()
{
// Note is better use a single class to all your profiling, but...
// Initialize class, create a profiling and start it
Profiling profiling = new Profiling("MyFunction", true);
// Also can use:
// Profiling.ProfilingData pData = profiling.Create("MyFunction");
// if (pData == null)
// Console.WriteLine("Won't execute profiling, name already exists.");
// Lets make some garbage
for(int i = 1; i <= 10000; i++)
{
Random rand = new Random();
Console.WriteLine(rand.Next(0, i));
}
// Function ends now let stop profiling and return the results.
Profiling.ProfilingData pData = profiling.Get("MyFunction");
// Note: you can check if pData is null if you not sure that exists
pData.Stop(); // profiling.Stop("MyFunction"); also works
return pData;
}
Profiling.ProfilingData pData = MyFunction();
if(pData.IsConcluded)
{
Console.WriteLine("Total time to execute 'MyFunction': {0} ({1}ms)",
pData.TimeTaken,
pData.TimeTaken.TotalMilliseconds);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Developer doesn't write the function correct");
Console.WriteLine("A ProfilingData must be Stopped, " +
"before use EndDate and TimeTaken");
}
注意：为了避免重复键并方便编码，您可以使用 Profiling.ProfilingData。**再次强调**，Profiling 类是可选的，只是一个包装器，用于存储 Profiling.ProfilingData 类，其中包含一个 Dictionary<string, Profiling.ProfilingData>。**但是**，如果您想保留和存储一个分析函数以供以后使用或获取结果，最好使用 Profiling 类。
Profiling.ProfilingData pData = new Profiling.ProfilingData();
pData.Start();
// Do your job here, time is counting!!!
// This way is more simple than use Profiling Class
pData.Stop();
/*
*
* pData.StartDate;
* pDate.EndDate;
* pDate.TimeTaken;
*
*/
// Discard variable
pData = null;
VistaSecurity 类
/// <summary>
/// Under Windows Vista, if current user is not an administrator,
/// try elevate the permissions and exit from current application.
/// </summary>
if(!VistaSecurity.IsAdmin())
{
if(VistaSecurity.RestartElevated(Application.ExecutablePath))
Application.Exit();
}
整合所有内容
#region Variables
public static Instance instance;
public static MemoryManagement memory;
public static Profiling profiling;
public static ExceptionHandler exceptionHandler;
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// The main entry point for the application.
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
#region Profiling Class
// Our profiling will determinate
// the time taken by the app to initialize.
profiling = new Profiling();
Profiling.ProfilingData profilingData =
profiling.Create("InitApp", true);
#endregion
#region Instance Class (Make single instance app)
// Check if that is a single instance, and name
// mutex as: "{ProductName}Mutex"
instance = new Instance(Application.ProductName);
// instance is created but make sure you call next line:
// First parameter is used to define mutex level
// (Global or this session only)
// Second parameter is used to check
// processes equality after check mutex
if (!instance.MakeSingleInstance(true, false))
{
Instance.ShowDuplicateInstanceDialogError();
// Stop and quit App.
return;
}
#endregion
#region Memory Management class
// MemoryManagement only make effect in WinNT Systems,
// if your app is multi system use that.
if (MemoryManagement.CanUseClass())
{
memory = new MemoryManagement();
memory.Start();
}
else
{
memory = null;
}
#endregion
#region Exception Handler Class
(Automatic cath and log unhandled exceptions)
// Automatic cath and log unhandled exceptions
exceptionHandler = new ExceptionHandler();
// Next two lines are optional
exceptionHandler.PrefixText =
"This file represets an error cath on our program";
exceptionHandler.SuffixText =
"Please fell free to send us that errors " +
"files via email: myapp@company.com";
exceptionHandler.StartHandlingExceptions();
#endregion
#region End started profile and show results
profilingData.Stop();
MessageBox.Show(
string.Format(
"Start Date: {0}\nEnd Date: {1}\nTime Taken: {2}ms",
profilingData.StartDate,
profilingData.EndDate,
profilingData.TimeTaken.TotalMilliseconds
),
"Our application initializes time");
#endregion
Application.Run(new MainFrm());
// Note: by calling 'Instance.Dispose' method will release mutex,
// and app will be multi instance,
// But still checks for process equality!
// instance.Dispose();
}
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