对称密钥加密演示

Fernando E. Braz

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2013 年 6 月 4 日

CPOL

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这是“对称密钥加密演示”的替代方案。

Encryption

引言

加密是将电子数据从“明文”状态转换为不可读状态的过程，通过使用密码或算法来实现。

虽然以前相当复杂，但现在可以使用 System.Security.Cryptography 命名空间中的各种加密类，在任何 .NET 应用程序中轻松实现加密。

我编写了一个加密演示程序，演示了如何使用以下加密方法加密和解密文档：

AES（高级加密标准）
DES（数据加密标准）
RC2（“Ron的代码”或“Rivest密码”）
Rijndael
Triple DES（三重数据加密标准）

此应用程序使用持久密钥与各自的算法结合，以加密和解密数据。

在适当的情况下，您将首先看到 C# 代码片段，然后是相同的 VB 版本。

Using the Code

将选定的文件传递给下面的 Encrypt 和 Decrypt 方法:

Dim path As String = "C:\temp\Encryption\Encrypt-decrypt.doc"
Dim encrytedPath As String = String.Empty

encrytedPath = Encrypt(path)
MessageBox.Show("The following file has been encrypted:" & _
                          vbCrLf & vbCrLf & encrytedPath)

path = Decrypt(encrytedPath)
MessageBox.Show("The following file has been decrypted:" & _
                          vbCrLf & vbCrLf & path)

声明将用于加密和解密的 AES 类实例:

//Create the a new instance of AES
private System.Security.Cryptography.Aes mAes = System.Security.Cryptography.Aes.Create();

'Create the a new instance of AES
Private mAes As System.Security.Cryptography.Aes = _
                         System.Security.Cryptography.Aes.Create()

Encrypt 方法的代码:

public override void Encrypt(string inputFilePath, string outputFilePath)
{

    //Get a persisted key and vector
    byte[] key = this.GetKey();
    byte[] iv = this.GetIV();

    // When a new instance of the AES class is created, a new random Key and Vector (IV)
    // are created automatically.  You can use these to encrypt and decrypt your files,
    // however, they are only good until a new instance of this class is created.  Once
    // a new random Key and Vector (IV) are created, you won't be able to decrypt files,
    // because the Key and Vector (IV) will have changed.  The solution is use them 1  
    // time to create a random Key and Vector (IV) (which can be viewed in the Immediate 
    // window by typing "?mAes.Key" or "?mAes.IV", and pressing 
    // Enter), and then somehow  in your application (like in a class, or in a .DLL, or in
    // an encrypted file or something), which I've done as an example in the GeyKey() and 
    // GetIV() methods.
    //The auto-generated random key can be used by uncommenting these lines, and the 
    // corresponding lines in the Decrypt method below
    //key = mAes.Key
    //iv = mAes.IV

    //Create the Encryptor using the Key and Vector (IV)
    ICryptoTransform encryptor = mAes.CreateEncryptor(GetKey(), GetIV());

    //Call the PerformEncryption method in the _BaseEncryption base class
    base.PerformEncryption(encryptor, inputFilePath, outputFilePath);

}

''' <summary>
''' This function Encryptes a document and returns the encrypted document path.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="path">The path of the file to encrypt.</param>
''' <returns>The path of the encrypted file.</returns>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Private Function Encrypt(ByVal path As String) As String

    Dim outputPath As String = String.Concat(path, ".enc")

    'Encryption example using AES

    'Get a persisted key and vector
    Dim key As Byte() = GetKey()
    Dim iv As Byte() = GetIV()

    'When a new instance of the AES class is created, a new random Key and Vector (IV)
    ' are created automatically. You can use these to encrypt and decrypt your files,
    ' however, they are only good until a new instance of this class is created. Once
    ' a new random Key and Vector (IV) are created,
    ' you won't be able to decrypt files, because
    ' the Key and Vector (IV) will have changed. The solution is use them 1 time to 
    ' create a random Key and Vector (IV) (which can be viewed in the Immediate window 
    ' by typing "?mAes.Key" or "?mAes.IV",
    ' and pressing Enter), and then somehow persist it 
    ' in your application (like in a class, or in a .DLL,
    ' or in an encrypted file or something), 
    ' which I've done as an example in the GeyKey() and GetIV() methods.

    'The auto-generated random key can be used
    'by uncommenting these lines, and the corresponding
    'lines in the Decrypt method below
    'key = mAes.Key
    'iv = mAes.IV

    'Create the Encryptor using the Key and Vector (IV)
    Dim encryptor As ICryptoTransform = mAes.CreateEncryptor(GetKey(), GetIV())

    'Open both the input file for reading, and
    ' the output file for writing.
    Dim reader As New FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)
    Dim writer As New FileStream(outputPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)

    'Create an Encrypted Stream using the "encryptor" we created above
    Dim encryptedStream As _
                New System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream(writer, _
                encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write)

    Dim bites(1023) As Byte 'Stores 1 KB
    Dim bitesRead As Int32 = 0 'Number of Bytes read
    Dim totalBites As Int64 = 0 'Total Number of Bytes read


    'Loop through the entire file reading 1 kb at a time
    Do Until totalBites >

Decrypt 方法的代码:

public override void Decrypt(string inputFilePath, string outputFilePath)
{

    byte[] key = this.GetKey();
    byte[] iv = this.GetIV();

    //You can use this to generate a new Key and Vector (IV) for use in your applications.
    //  *** Do not use the key that comes with this demo, 
    //      because everyone who uses this demo will have it. ***
    //key = mAes.GenerateKey()
    //iv = mAes.GenerateIV()

    //Create the Decryptor using the Key and Vector (IV)
    ICryptoTransform decryptor = mAes.CreateDecryptor(key, iv);

    //Call the PerformDecryption method in the _BaseEncryption base class
    base.PerformDecryption(decryptor, inputFilePath, outputFilePath);

}

''' <summary>
''' This function Encryptes a document and returns the encrypted document path.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="path">The path of the file to encrypt.</param>
''' <returns>The path of the encrypted file.</returns>
''' <remarks></remarks>
Private Function Decrypt(ByVal path As String) As String

    Dim decryptedPath As String = path.Replace(".enc", "")

    Dim key As Byte() = GetKey()
    Dim iv As Byte() = GetIV()

    'You can use this to generate a new Key and Vector (IV)
    'for use in your applications.
    ' *** Do not use the key that comes with this demo, 
    ' because everyone who uses this demo will have it. ***
    'key = mAes.GenerateKey()
    'iv = mAes.GenerateIV()

    'Create the Decryptor using the Key and Vector (IV)
    Dim decryptor As ICryptoTransform = mAes.CreateDecryptor(key, iv)

    'Open both the input file for reading, and
    ' the output file for writing.
    Dim reader As New FileStream(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)
    Dim writer As New FileStream(decryptedPath, _
                      FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write)

    'Create an Encrypted Stream using 
    'the "encryptor" we created above
    Dim decryptedStream As _
                    New System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream(writer, _
                    decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write)

    Dim bites(1023) As Byte 'Stores 1 KB
    Dim bitesRead As Int32 = 0 'Number of Bytes read
    Dim totalBites As Int64 = 0 'Total Number of Bytes read


    'Loop through the entire file reading 1 kb at a time
    Do Until totalBites >

持久密钥和向量 (IV):

//*** Just a note - DO NOT USE THIS KEY FOR YOUR OWN ENCRYPTION
// Create a new key by using the GenerateKey() method
private byte[] GetKey()
{
 
    //32 length byte array
    byte[] key = new byte[32/span>];
    key[<span class="code-digit">0] = 195;
    key[1] = 201;
    key[2] = 141;
    key[3] = 238;
    key[4] = 118;
    key[5] = 179;
    key[6] = 108;
    key[7] = 7;
    key[8] = 37;
    key[9] = 109;
    key[10] = 7;
    key[11] = 48;
    key[12] = 66;
    key[13] = 141;
    key[14] = 2;
    key[15] = 65;
    key[16] = 213;
    key[17] = 136;
    key[18] = 141;
    key[19] = 210;
    key[20] = 78;
    key[21] = 234;
    key[22] = 83;
    key[23] = 34;
    key[24] = 41;
    key[25] = 238;
    key[26] = 152;
    key[27] = 88;
    key[28] = 228;
    key[29] = 72;
    key[30] = 160;
    key[31] = 174;
 
    return key;
 
}
 
//*** Just a note - DO NOT USE THIS Vector (IV) FOR YOUR OWN ENCRYPTION
// Create a new Vector (IV) by using the GenerateIV() method, _
// or changing the bytes below to whatever you want.
private byte[] GetIV()
{
 
    //16 length byte array    
    byte[] IV = new byte[16];
    IV[0] = 30;
    IV[1] = 185;
    IV[2] = 3;
    IV[3] = 73;
    IV[4] = 26;
    IV[5] = 247;
    IV[6] = 159;
    IV[7] = 124;
    IV[8] = 211;
    IV[9] = 112;
    IV[10] = 251;
    IV[11] = 231;
    IV[12] = 69;
    IV[13] = 25;
    IV[14] = 132;
    IV[15] = 1;
 
    return IV;
 
}

'*** Just a note - DO NOT USE THIS KEY FOR YOUR OWN ENCRYPTION
' Create a new key by using the GenerateKey() method
Private Function GetKey() As Byte()
 
    '32 length byte array
    Dim key(31) As Byte
    key(0) = 195
    key(1) = 201
    key(2) = 141
    key(3) = 238
    key(4) = 118
    key(5) = 179
    key(6) = 108
    key(7) = 7
    key(8) = 37
    key(9) = 109
    key(10) = 7
    key(11) = 48
    key(12) = 66
    key(13) = 141
    key(14) = 2
    key(15) = 65
    key(16) = 213
    key(17) = 136
    key(18) = 141
    key(19) = 210
    key(20) = 78
    key(21) = 234
    key(22) = 83
    key(23) = 34
    key(24) = 41
    key(25) = 238
    key(26) = 152
    key(27) = 88
    key(28) = 228
    key(29) = 72
    key(30) = 160
    key(31) = 174
 
    Return key
 
End Function
 
'*** Just a note - DO NOT USE THIS Vector (IV) FOR YOUR OWN ENCRYPTION
' Create a new Vector (IV) by using the GenerateIV() method
Private Function GetIV() As Byte()
 
    '16 length byte array
    Dim IV(15) As Byte
    IV(0) = 30
    IV(1) = 185
    IV(2) = 3
    IV(3) = 73
    IV(4) = 26
    IV(5) = 247
    IV(6) = 159
    IV(7) = 124
    IV(8) = 211
    IV(9) = 112
    IV(10) = 251
    IV(11) = 231
    IV(12) = 69
    IV(13) = 25
    IV(14) = 132
    IV(15) = 1
 
    Return IV
 
End Function

关注点

加密和解密每种不同算法的过程是相同的。您会发现的一个不同之处是不同密钥和向量数组中使用的字节数。

希望这个演示对您有所帮助！