使用 C# 的 Rijndael ManagedEncryption 方法

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引言

本示例演示如何使用 .NET 版本 1.1 以来提供的 RijndaelManaged 类。

使用方法

使用 .NET 进行加密非常简单。为此，我们使用 RijnDaelManaged 类。我们需要通过调用 NewRijndaelManaged() 来初始化此类。创建类后，我们需要通过创建名为 Rfc2898DeriveBytes 的类来创建我们的密钥，如下所示：Rfc2898DeriveBytes(Inputkey, salt)。此类的构造函数需要 2 个输入参数：密码和盐值。在下面的代码中，我们使用两个 GUID 作为密码和盐值。

当使用以下文本“My super secret text”调用 EncryptRijndael(string text) 函数时，这将产生以下 string “sBJUwV7Vo+ou9kYds6HfqFRHLcGf5MLiRUZk8ICt9h8=”。要解密此 string ，我们调用 DecryptRijndael(string cipherText)，它将返回原始文本。为了让一切都超级简单，我将所有内容包装在一个简单的 static 类中，该类完成所有工作（需要做的少量工作）。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

namespace RijndaelManagedEncryption
{
    public class RijndaelManagedEncryption
    {
        #region Consts
        /// <summary>
        /// Change the Inputkey GUID when you use this code in your own program.
        /// Keep this inputkey very safe and prevent someone from decoding it some way!!
        /// </summary>
        internal const string Inputkey = "560A18CD-6346-4CF0-A2E8-671F9B6B9EA9";
        #endregion

        #region Rijndael Encryption

        /// <summary>
        /// Encrypt the given text and give the byte array back as a BASE64 string
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="text" />The text to encrypt
        /// <param name="salt" />The pasword salt
        /// <returns>The encrypted text</returns>
        public static string EncryptRijndael(string text, string salt)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(text))
                throw new ArgumentNullException("text");

            var aesAlg = NewRijndaelManaged(salt);

            var encryptor = aesAlg.CreateEncryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
            var msEncrypt = new MemoryStream();
            using (var csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
            using (var swEncrypt = new StreamWriter(csEncrypt))
            {
                swEncrypt.Write(text);
            }

            return Convert.ToBase64String(msEncrypt.ToArray());
        }
        #endregion

        #region Rijndael Dycryption
        /// <summary>
        /// Checks if a string is base64 encoded
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="base64String" />The base64 encoded string
        /// <returns>Base64 encoded stringt</returns>
        public static bool IsBase64String(string base64String)
        {
            base64String = base64String.Trim();
            return (base64String.Length%4 == 0) &&
                   Regex.IsMatch(base64String, @"^[a-zA-Z0-9\+/]*={0,3}$", RegexOptions.None);

        }
        
        /// <summary>
        /// Decrypts the given text
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cipherText" />The encrypted BASE64 text
        /// <param name="salt" />The pasword salt
        /// <returns>The decrypted text</returns>
        public static string DecryptRijndael(string cipherText, string salt)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cipherText))
                throw new ArgumentNullException("cipherText");

            if (!IsBase64String(cipherText))
                throw new Exception("The cipherText input parameter is not base64 encoded");

            string text;

            var aesAlg = NewRijndaelManaged(salt);
            var decryptor = aesAlg.CreateDecryptor(aesAlg.Key, aesAlg.IV);
            var cipher = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);

            using (var msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(cipher))
            {
                using (var csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
                {
                    using (var srDecrypt = new StreamReader(csDecrypt))
                    {
                        text = srDecrypt.ReadToEnd();
                    }
                }
            }
            return text;
        }
        #endregion

        #region NewRijndaelManaged
        /// <summary>
        /// Create a new RijndaelManaged class and initialize it
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="salt" />The pasword salt
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static RijndaelManaged NewRijndaelManaged(string salt)
        {
            if (salt == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("salt");
            var saltBytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(salt);
            var key = new Rfc2898DeriveBytes(Inputkey, saltBytes);

            var aesAlg = new RijndaelManaged();
            aesAlg.Key = key.GetBytes(aesAlg.KeySize / 8);
            aesAlg.IV = key.GetBytes(aesAlg.BlockSize / 8);

            return aesAlg;
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

为了测试上面的类，我添加了一个示例程序，如下所示

 

历史

• 2013-12-31 - 首次版本
• 2013-01-02 - 版本 1.1，更改了代码，以便可以使用随机生成的盐值